White-tail

The  white-tailed deer also known as the white tail or Virginia deer, is a medium-sized deer native to North America, Central America, Ecuador and South America and far south as Peru and Bolivia. 

 

The white-tailed deer is highly variable in size, generally following Bergmann’ rule that the average size is larger farther away from the Equator. North American male deer (also known as a buck) usually weigh 68 to 136 kg (150 to 300 lb),  but mature bucks over 180 kg (400 lb) have been recorded in the northernmost reaches of their native range, specifically, Minnesota and Ontario. Males regrow their antlers every year. About one in 10,000 females also has antlers.

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Bucks without branching antlers are often termed "spikehorn", "spiked bucks", "spike bucks", or simply "spikes/spikers". The spikes can be quite long or very short. Length and branching of antlers are determined by nutrition, age, and genetics.  Healthy deer in some areas that are well-fed can have eight-point branching antlers as yearlings  with a spread of over 2 feet.